纳滤设备及膜技术

纳滤设备主要去除直径为1纳米(nm)左右的溶质粒子，截留分子量为100~1000，不仅可在低压下对水源软化和适度脱盐，可在饮用水领域主要用于脱除三卤甲烷中间体、异味、色度、农药、合成洗涤剂、可溶性有机物、Ca、Mg等硬度成分及蒸发残留物质。
纳滤膜的一个很大特征是膜本体带有电荷性。这是它在很低压力下仍具有较高脱盐性能和截留分子量为数百的膜也可脱除无机盐的重要原因。

目前，膜分离技术在抗生素中的应用主要是在抗生素发酵液的澄清，产品的浓缩脱盐以及废液中抗生素的浓缩回收等几个方面。
现代抗生素的生产一般首先是通过澄清和溶剂萃取从发酵液中加以分离，在对萃取液进行真空蒸发制得。但发酵液中抗生素含量一般较少，浓度较低，且含有大量其它杂质，常规提取和浓缩方法存在着有机溶剂用量大，浓缩能耗高，破坏生物活性，产品回收率低，操作环境差等不足。

纳滤浓缩技术的采用可有效避免以上不足，提高抗生素类产品品质，降低生产成本，成为生物医药生产中的高效分离手段。
纳滤技术的特点：
① 膜结构绝大多数是多层疏松结构；
② 分离过程无任何化学反应，无需加热，无相转变，不会破坏生活活性，不会改变风味、香味。

应用领域：
*水质的软化；                              *低聚糖的分离和精制；
*果汁的高浓度浓缩；                     *肽和氨基酸的分离；
*抗生素的浓缩和纯化；                  *牛奶及乳清蛋白的浓缩；
*生物活性成分的提取、浓缩；         *膜生化反应器的开发。
*湿法冶金废水处理与回收；            *染料脱盐、浓缩， 取代盐析、酸析；
*从废酸、碱中，回收酸碱。

Film of nanometer-filter mainly remove the solute partical of diameter 1 nanometer and withhold molecular weight 100-1000,which moderately desalt and soften water origin under pressure;it can be used to remove rigid ingredient such as haloform intermedium,peculiar smell,charoma,pesticide,synthetic detergent,soluble organic substance,Ca2+.Mg2+ and remains of evaporation.

The obvious character of nanometer-filter film is that fiml body is with charge.this is the important reason that nanomenter-filter film possesses high perfomance of desalting gunder low pressure and remove inorginc salt even if withhold fiml of molecular weight several hundred.

At present,technology of film separation is used to several aspects such as clarify antibiotic ferment liquid,desalting and conentration of product and concentration and relamation of waste liquid of antibiotic at application of antibiotic.

Usually modern antibiotic manufacture liquid to be acquird.however,the content of ferment liquid is little commonly and low concentration with lots of ompurity.routine extration and concentration method exist many shortcomings such as large amount of organic solvent and great energy consumption of concentration and destroy activity of biology,low rate of product reclamation and bad operational environment.

Adopting nanometer-filter technology can efficiently avoid shortcoming above,improve quality of antibiotic product,reduce cost of manufacture,become the high effcient separation method of biology and medicine manufacture.

Character of nanometter-filter
*Most of film structure are muliayer loosen structure.
*There is no chemical reaction in separation course, no conversion,nodestruction of life activity,no change flavor and fragrance.

Field applied:
*Softening of water quality
*Separation and refining of oliaosaccharide
*High concentation condensing of rfuit juice
*Separation of peptide and amino acid
*Cencentration of milk,whey and albumin
*Extraction and concentration of active indigent of biology
*Developent of film chemistry and physics reactor
*Treatment and reclamation of wet metallurgical waste water
*Teplace salt out and acid out with desalting and concentration of dye
*Reclamation alkali and acid from waste acid and alkali